The majority of those detained have appeared before the Public Prosecutor, including reportedly 70 minors, on various charges, including “joining an illegal organisation”, “aiding a terrorist group in achieving its goals”, “demonstrating without a permit”, the “spread of false news”, and the “misuse of social media”. Allegedly, many of those detained have been denied legal representation when appearing before the Public Prosecutor. Mr. Abdel Fattah and Mr. El-Baqer On 23 February 2015, after a year-long trial, the Cairo Criminal Court sentenced Mr. Abdel Fattah to five years’ imprisonment, five years of police surveillance following his release and a fine of 100,000 EGP for “organizing a protest without a permit”, “organizing an illegal assembly that endangers public security”, “blocking roads”, “assembling illegally”, and “attacking and injuring a public servant”, in relation to a peaceful protest held on 26 November 2013 in front of the Shura Council in Cairo. On 8 November 2017, following an appeal lodged by Mr. Abdel Fattah’s legal defense, the Court of Cassation upheld the ruling of the Cairo Criminal Court. On 28 March 2019, Mr. Abdel Fattah was released under probation, after serving his prison sentence in full. Following his conditional release, Mr. Abdel Fattah had been reporting to the Dokki police station, spending twelve hours every night (between 6pm and 6am) in a probation cell. On 25 September 2019, the newspaper Al-Dustour published an article accusing several political parties and human rights organizations, including the Adalah Center for Rights and Freedoms directed by Mr. El-Baqer, of using foreign funding for the purpose of destabilizing the state, and called for “decisive action” to be taken against them. On 29 September 2019, Mr. Abdel Fattah reportedly did not leave the police station at the usual time. It was revealed later in the afternoon that he had been arrested and taken to the State Security Prosecution. On the same day, his lawyer, Mr. El-Baqer, was arrested at the State Security Prosecution while he was attending an interrogation of Mr. Abdel Fattah. They were both accused of “belonging to a terrorist group”, “funding a terrorist group”, “spreading false news undermining national security” and “using social media to commit publishing offenses” in the Criminal Case 1356 of 2019. The Prosecutor reportedly questioned Mr. El-Baqer about his work at the Adalah Center for Rights and Freedoms and his engagement with the United Nations in the context of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of Egypt, scheduled for November 2019. The organisation has submitted several reports for consideration during the upcoming UPR. Mr. El-Baqer was questioned in particular about the report on human rights violations against the Nubian people. 3